Ned Hettinger's Bibliography For ENVIRONMENTAL AND ANIMAL ETHICS

Please note: This is a personal bibliography. There are all kinds of misspellings and other inadequacies here, but perhaps it will be of use to others.





William S. Lynn (2005) Finding Common Ground in a Landscape of Deer and People, Chicago Wilderness Magazine 8 (Winter), 12-15.



Claude Evans, With Respect for Nature: Living as Part of the Natural World (SUNY, 2005).



Tom Butler, ed., Wild Earth: Wild Ideas for a World out of Balance, Milkweed Editions 2002 (according to author "widely adopted for use in college-level env. studies courses")





Social Theory and Practice, Vol. 29, no. 2 (April 2003)

David Benatar The Second Sexism

Kenneth Clatterbaugh Benatar's Alleged Second Sexism

James P. Sterba

The Wolf Again in Sheep's Clothing

Carol Quinn

and Rosemarie Tong The Consequences of Taking the Second Sexism Seriously

Tom Digby Male Trouble: Are Men Victims of Sexism?

David Benatar The Second Sexism, a Second Time



Matthew Scully's Dominion St. Martins Press, 2002



Robert Kirkman The ethics of metropolitan growth: a framework Philosophy & Geography Volume 7, Number 2 / August 2004 Pages: 201 - 218

Although debates about the shape and future of the built environment are usually cast in economic and political terms, they also have an irreducible ethical component that stands in need of careful examination. This paper is the report of an exploratory study in descriptive ethics carried out in Atlanta, Georgia. Archival sources and semi-structured interviews provide the basis for identifying and sorting the diverse value judgments and value conflicts that come into play in a rapidly growing metropolitan area. The goal of the project is to expand and refine a draft framework for grappling with the ethical complexity of the situations from which individuals and communities make important decisions about their surroundings. The success of the framework is to be measured by its usefulness in informing the judgment of professionals and citizens, and in facilitating a robust normative debate about the built environment.



Alan Carter, "Saving Nature and Feeding People," Env. Ethics 26,4 Winter 2004.



Aaron Lercher, "Is Anyone to Blame for Pollution" Env. Ethics 26,4 Winter 2004.

"Only Man's Presence Can Save Nature," Harpers (April 1990) pp. 37-48, a debate between Michael Pollan, Daniel Botkin, Dave Foremen, James Lovelock, Frederick Turner, and Robert Yaro, includes sections on "Beyond Wilderness," "Designing Nature," "Speaking for the Wolf" includes discussion on if humans are natural



Brittan, Jr., Gordon G., "Wind, energy, landscape: reconciling nature and technology," Philosophy and Geography 4 (No. 2, 2001): 169-184. Despite the fact that they are in most respects environmentally benign, electricity-generating wind turbines frequently encounter a great deal of resistance. Much of this resistance is aesthetic in character; wind turbines somehow do not "fit" in the landscape. On one (classical) view, landscapes are beautiful to the extent that they are "scenic", well-balanced compositions. But wind turbines introduce a discordant note, they are out of "scale". On another (ecological) view, landscapes are beautiful if their various elements form a stable and integrated organic whole. But wind turbines are difficult to integrate into the biotic community; at least in certain respects, they are like "weeds". Moreover, there is a reason why the 100-meter, three bladed wind turbines now favored by the industry cannot very well be accommodated to any landscape view. They are, as Albert Borgmann would put it, characteristic of contemporary technology, distanced "devices" for the production of a commodity rather than "things" with which one can engage. It follows that the only way in which the aesthetic resistance to wind turbines can be overcome is to make them more "thing-like". One such "thing-like" turbine is discussed. Brittan is Regent's Professor of Philosophy at Montana State University. (P&G)



Kimbrell, Andrew, ed., Fatal Harvest: The Tragedy of Industrial Agriculture. Washington: Island Press, 2002. Published by the Foundation for Deep Ecology, by arrangement with Island Press. Our currently ecologically destructive agricultural system, and a vision for an organic and environmentally safer way of producing the food we eat. An abstract is reprinted as: "Silent Earth: Industrial Farming in the US Alone Kills 67 Million Birds a Year. When Will Agribusiness Stop Pretending They Care About the Environment?," Ecologist 33(no. 5, 2003): 58-59. (v.14, #4



Sullivan, Shannon, McCann, Elizabeth, DeYoung, Raymond, Erickson, Donna. "Farmers' Attitudes about Farming and the Environment: A Survey of Conventional and Organic Farmers," Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 9(1996):123-143. This paper compares the attitudes and beliefs of a group of conventional farmers to those of a group of organic farmers. It was found that while both groups reject the idea that a farmer's role is to conquer nature, organic farmers were significantly more supportive of the notion that humans should live in harmony with nature. Organic farmers also reported a greater awareness of and appreciation for nature in their relationship with the land. Both groups view independence as a main benefit of farming and a lack of financial reward as its main drawback. Overall, conventional farmers report more stress in their lives although they also view themselves in a caretaker role for the land more than do the organic farmers. In contrast, organic farmers report more satisfaction with their lives, a greater concern of living ethically and a stronger perception of community. Both groups are willing to have their rights limited (organic farmers somewhat more so) but they do not trust the government to do so. Keywords: environmental attitudes, organic farming environmental ethics. Sullivan, DeYoung and Erickson teach in the School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan. McCann teaches in the College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin Stevens Point. (JAEE)



Verhoog, Henk, Matze, Mirjam, Van Bueren, Edith Lammerts, and Baars, Ton, "The role of the concept of the natural (naturalness) in organic farming," Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 16(2003):29-49. Producers, traders, and consumers of organic food regularly use the concept of the natural (naturalness) to characterize organic agriculture and or organic food, in contrast to the unnaturalness of conventional agriculture. Critics sometimes argue that such use lacks any rational (scientific) basis and only refers to sentiment. In our project, we made an attempt to clarify the content and the use of the concepts of nature and naturalness in organic agriculture, to relate this conception to discussions within bioethical literature, and to draw the implications for agricultural practice and policy. We conclude that the idea of "naturalness" can be used to characterize organic agriculture and to distinguish it from conventional agriculture, but only if naturalness not only refers to not using chemicals but also to ecological principles and respect for the integrity of life. Thus perceived, the principle of naturalness can also serve as a guide to future developments in the field of organic agriculture. As part of the holocentric ethics of organic farming the value of naturalness has three dimensions: a cognitive one, an emotive one, and a normative one. KEY WORDS: concept of nature and naturalness, environment, ethics, farm ecology, integrity of life, organic agriculture and food. (JAEE)

Langdon Winner, "Do Artifacts have Politics?" P. 289 of David Kaplan Ed, Readings in the Philosophy of Technology 2004



Cafaro, Philip, "Less is More: Economic Consumption and the Good Life." Philosophy Today 42(1998): 26-39. We should judge economic consumption on whether it improves or detracts from our lives, and act on that basis. The issue of consumption is placed in the context of living a good life, in order to discuss its justifiable limits. Two important areas of our economic activity, food consumption and transportation, are examined from an eudaimonist perspective. From the perspective of our enlightened self-interest, we see that when it comes to economic consumption, less is more. Not always, and not beyond a certain minimum level. But often, less is more; especially for the middle and upper class members of wealthy industrial societies. This is the proper perspective from which to consider environmentalists' calls for limiting consumption in order to protect nature. (v.9,#3)





Jokes: Philosophical Thoughts on Joking Matters Ted Cohen: Great jokes, shame about the philosophy! Well, that's not entirely fair. This book presents a reasonable philosophy of jokes, but there's not a whole lot to say on this subject, and, anyway, it seems to miss the point somehow. Fortunately, the focus here is as much on the jokes, and some great ones are included, particularly a number of ingenious Jewish jokes which most people haven't heard.



'Respect for nature' in the earth charter: the value of species and the value of individuals p. 97 Clare Palmer, Ethics, Place, and Environment sometime in 2004?



Mary Midgely, "Biotechnology and Monstrosity: Why Should we Pay Attention to the 'Yuk Factor,'" Hasting Center Report 30, no 5 (2000) 7-15.

Richard Lewontin, "Genes in the Food!" New York Review of Books 48, 10 (21 June 2001): 81-84

Mildred Cho, et al., "Ethical Considerations in Synthesizing a Minimal Genome," Science 286, no 5447 (1999): 2087-90.



Ecoviolence and the Law (Transnational Pubs. Inc. NY,2004)



Child Labor Abroad, Roland Pierik, Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly 24,3 Summer 2004.



"Bambi Lovers versus Tree Huggers," in Steve Sapontzis, e.d., Food for Thought: The Debate over Meat Eating (Amherst, NY; Prometheus, 2004), pp., 294-301.



Animal Rights: Current Debates and New Directions

by Cass R. Sunstein, Martha Craven Nussbaum Oxford 2004



Davis Baird on Nano Tech
Two pretty good books:

*Understanding Nanotechnology* by the editors of Scientific American is a nice very short (c. 100 pp.) booklet about nano

*Nanotechnology: A Gentle Introduction to the Next Big Idea* by D. Ratner and M. Ratner (father and son) is longer, but accessible and pretty good on the science. less good on the society stuff.

Our project has a work in progress website with other resources that could be helpful:

http://www.cla.sc.edu/cpecs/nirt/bibliography.html

There is a pretty nice historical presentation of the origins of nanotechnology "The Nanotechnology Revolution" by Adam Keiper in *The New Atlantis: A Journal of Technology and Society* Number 2, Summer 2003, pp. 17-34.

Finally, I've attached a paper of my own, "The Mythology of Nanotechnology" that drives through the material your question asks about, but at an oblique angle...



Human Enhancement

Ronald Cole-Turner "Do Means Matter Evaluating Technologies of Human Enhancement," Report form Institute of Philosophy and Public Policy 18, 4 Fall 1998 p. 8-12



Claudia Mills, "One Pill Makes You Smarter: An Ethical Appraisal of Rise of Ritalin" Report form Institute of Philosophy and Public Policy 18, 4 Fall 1998 p 13-17



Eric Parens, ed., Enhancing Human Traits: Ethical and Social Implications, Georgetown U Press, Hastings Center Studies in Ethics. 1998 Read summary of arguments in eds intro.

This covers some of the ground in the Hastings Center Report special issue on enhancement printed in 1997



Carl Elliott, "Enhancement Technology" in David Kaplan Ed, Readings in the Philosophy of Technology 2004 7 pages



Carl Elliott, Better Than Well: American Medicine Meets the American Dream, Norton, June 2004 / paperback / ISBN 0-393-32565-2







Future of food on web at http://www.nature.com/nature/food/ From Nature magazine Aug 2002.



DAVID TILMAN*, KENNETH G. CASSMAN‡, PAMELA A. MATSON§, ROSAMOND NAYLOR & STEPHEN POLASKY† Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices Nature 418, 671 - 677 (08 August 2002); doi:10.1038/nature01014





JARED DIAMOND Evolution, consequences and future of plant and animal domestication

Nature 418, 700 - 707 (08 August 2002); doi:10.1038/nature01019



Leon R. Kass, THE WISDOM OF REPUGNANCE, New Republic, June 2, 1997

Leon R. Kass, The New Republic ("Preventing a Brave New World", May 2001)

Leon R. Kass and Daniel Callahan"Let the Ban Stand" August 6, 2001, issue of The New Republic





Prodigal Summer: A novel by Barbara Kingsolver

Small Wonder (Perennial, 2003) by Barbara Kingsolver (includes essay on genetic engineering called "A Fist in the Eye of God") available on web at

http://www.organicconsumers.org/gefood/SmallWonders.cfm

http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1279/is_2002_August-Sept/ai_96268449





David DeGrazia, "Justice and Capabilities beyond Homo Sapiens," Response to Martha Nussbaum's Tanner Lectures on Human Values, Cambridge University, March 6, 200



A. Carter. In Defence of Radical Disobedience. Journal of Applied Philosophy, Volume 15, Number 1 (January 1998), pp. 29-47 The article defends the forms of civil disobedience currently practised by environmental protesters. It reviews the justifications of civil disobedience by Dworkin, Rawls and Singer, and finds them more or less wanting. A new and more extensive justification is provided on the basis of our duties to prevent harm befalling future generations.



McKenna, Erin Feminism and Vegetarianism: A Critique of Peter Singer Philosophy in the Contemporary World, 1: 3 (Fall 1994), 28-35 with a response by Peter Singer Singer, Peter

Feminism and Vegetarianism: A Response 1: 3 (Fall 1994), 36-38





Grounding Knowledge: Env Philosophy, Epistemology and Place, Christopher Preston 2003 U. of Georgia



The greening of white pride, Steven Gimbel A1 and Randall K. Wilson A2 Philosophy & Geography Issue: Volume 7, Number 1 / February 2004 Pages: 123 - 140

A1 Department of Philosophy Gettysburg College Gettysburg PA USA

A2 Department of Environmental Studies Gettysburg College Gettysburg PA USA

Abstract: At first glance, it is surprising that contemporary racist organizations like the Ku Klux Klan advertise a pro-environmental stance. This fact, however, might be expected by Luc Ferry, who argues for a connection between the racism and nature protection laws of the Third Reich. Ferry argues that a non-anthropocentric approach to nature makes it easier to dehumanize humans so that a non-anthropocentric environmental ethic can transform into racist environmentalism. Does this contemporary case vindicate Ferry? We argue that it does not. When the underlying theoretical foundations and historical conditions that gave rise to the racist environmentalist movements and the contemporary non-anthropocentric environmental left are analyzed, quite different pictures emerge: one type of non-anthropocentric environmentalism is racist, one type of anthropocentric environmentalism is racist, and one type of non-anthropocentric environmentalism is not racist, meaning that any relation between a non-anthropocentric approach to nature and dehumanizing the Other is more complex and historically contextual than Ferry allows.



Tibor Machan, Why Human Beings May Use Animals, Journal of Value Inquiry 36; 9-14, 2002.



Avner de-Shalit, Ruralism or Environmentalism, Environmental Values 5, 1996 47-58 he dist nostalgic, right wind anti modern ruralism and future oriented progressive eco informed anti specistic movement environmentalism



Karen Liftin, The Greening of Sovereignty in World Politics MIT Press, 1998. Including article by Dan Deudney



Earth and Nature-Based Spirituality From Deep Ecology to Radical Environmentalism," Religion, 31, forthcoming April 2001.



"Deep Ecology and its Social Philosophy: A Critique," in Beneath the Surface: Critical Essays on Deep Ecology. Eds. E. Katz. A. Light, D. Rothenberg. (Boston: MIT Press, 2000), 269-299.



"Bioregionalism: An Ethics of Loyalty to Place," Landscape Journal, 19(1&2):50-72, 2000.



"Diggers, Wolves, Ents, Elves and Expanding Universes: Global Bricolage and the Question of Violence within the Subcultures of Radical Environmentalism," in Cult, Anti-Cult and the Cultic Milieu: A Re-Examination (2 volumes). Ed. Jeffrey Kaplan and Heléne Lööw. (Stockholm: CEIFO, forthcoming, 2000). 50,000 words. Swedish translation published in the companion volume, Sekter, sektmotståndare och sekteristiska miljöer, en förnyad granskning.



"Green Apocalypticism: Understanding Disaster in the Radical Environmental Worldview," Society and Natural Resources, 12(4):377-386, June 1999.



"Nature & Supernature - Harmony and Mastery: Irony and Evolution in Contemporary Nature Religion," The Pomegranate, #8 (May 1999), 21-27.



"Religion, Violence, and Radical Environmentalism: from Earth First! to the Unabomber to the Earth Liberation Front," Journal of Terrorism and Political Violence, 10(4):1-42, Winter 1998

Judith Jarvis Thompson, A defense of Abortion, Philosophy and Public Affairs, 1971. This journal is available on line from our library.



Female circumcision:

The Ritual: Disfiguring, Hurtful, Wildly Festive" Washington Post 6/7/98, Vivienne Walt

"Village by Village, Circumcising a Ritual" New York Times, 1/31/97 A4.

Genital Cutting and Transnational Sisterhood Disputing U.S. Polemics, Edited by Stanlie M. James and Claire C. Robertson



William James, "The Will to Believe," available at: http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/gthursby/fonda/jamesw.html



Alan Goldman, Plain Sex, Philosophy and Public affairs, spring 1997, 267-287



Bovenkerk and Brom, "Brave new Birds," Hastings Center Report 31,1 Jan-feb 2002. Argues that animal's integrity is violated by engineering them not to feel pain, even if their interests are not.





Lauren Melzack's Wildife rehab bib:



Barry, Bryon 1997 Strategic Planning for Non-Profit Organizations, Amherst Wilder Foundation, Wilder Publishing Co., Saint Paul, MN. 55104



Bostock, Stephen St C. 1993 Zoos and Animal Rights - The ethics of keeping animals

Routledge, Inc. 29 West 35th St., New York, NY 10001



Conway, William. 1995 Zoo Conservation and Ethical Paradoxes. Ethics of the Ark - Zoos, Animal Welfare and Wildlife Conservation. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.



Croke, Vicki. 1997. The Modern Ark: the story of zoos: past, present and future. Scribner, NY, NY



Duke, Gary A, Frink, Lynne and Thrune, Elaine, 1998. Why Wildlife Rehabilitation is Significant. NWRA Quarterly Journal, Volume 16, #4

Emscher, Christof. 1999 Audubon: Writings and Drawings: Excerpts from "An Ornithological Biography or An Account of the Habits of the Birds of North America"

Literary Classics of the United States, Inc. NY, NY.





Geist, A.1995. Noah's Ark II: Rescuing Species and Ecosystems. Ethics of the Ark - Zoos, Animal Welfare and Wildlife Conservation. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.

Kiritz, Norton J. 1980 Program Planning and Proposal Writing, Grantsmanship Center Reprint Series, The Grantsmanship Center, Dept. DD, PO Box 17220, Las Angeles, CA. 90017

Leopold, Aldo. 1948. A Sand County Almanac. Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Ave. NY, NY. 10016

Loftin, Robert W. The Medical Treatment of Wild Animals Environmental Ethics

(8) Summer 1986



Miller, Erica DVM. 2000. Ethics and Professionalism in Wildlife Rehabilitation. NWRA Quarterly Journal, Volume 18, #3



McNamara, Carter 1999

www.mapnp.org/library/plan_dec/str_plan/models.htm



Regan, Tom 1985 The Case For Animal Rights The Environmental Ethics and Policy Book. Wadsworth/Thomas Learning, Davis Dr., Belmont, CA 94002



Regan, Tom. 1995 Are Zoos Morally Defensible? Ethics of the Ark - Zoos, Animal Welfare and Wildlife Conservation. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.



Rolla, Donald A. 1982. Rehabilitators and the Public: For Wildlife's Sake Who Needs Who. NWRA Proceedings Volume 1, pp156-161



Singer, Peter. 1973. Animal Liberation. The Environmental Ethics and Policy Book. Wadsworth/Thomas Learning, Davis Dr., Belmont, CA 94002



Sleeman, Jonathan M. MRCVS. 2004. Clinical Wildlife Medicine- A New Paradigm for a Century. Lecture at the NWRA Annual Symposium, Orlando FL.



Strang, Carl A. The Ethics of Wildlife Rehabilitation Environmental Ethics

(8) Summer 1986



Sunquist, Fiona. End of the Ark? International Wildlife, Nov-Dec 1995 v25 n6 p22(8)



Vrijenhoek, Robert 1995 Natural Processes, Individuals and Units of Conservation. Ethics of the Ark - Zoos, Animal Welfare and Wildlife Conservation. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.

Unknown, 2002 Taking Flight: An Introduction to Building Friends Organizations, A National Wildlife Refuge Association Publication, 1010 Wisconson Ave., Suite 200, Washington, DC. 20007





Animal ethics article from woods/Moriarity

Aitken, Gill. 1997. "Conservation and Individual Worth." Environmental Values 6: 439-454.



Lee, Keekok. 1997. "An Animal: What is it?" Environmental Values 6: 393-410.



Lemos, Noah M. 1994. Intrinsic Value: Concept and Warrant. Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press.

Zimmerman, Michael J. 2001. The Nature of Intrinsic Value. Lanham, MD: Rowman &

Littlefield.

Luke, Brian. 1995. "Solidarity Across Diversity: A Pluralistic Rapprochement of

Environmentalism and Animal Liberation." Social Theory and Practice 21: 177-206.

O'Neil, Rick. 2000. "Animal Liberation versus Environmentalism: The Care Solution."

Environmental Ethics 22: 183-190.

O'Neil. Rick. 1997. "Intrinsic Value, Moral Standing, and Species." Environmental Ethics 19:

45-52.

Singer, Peter. 2004b. "Environmental Values." Reprinted in Environmental Ethics: Divergence

and Convergence, 3rd ed., Susan J. Armstrong and Richard G. Botzler, eds. Boston: McGraw-

Hill.

Taylor, Angus. 2003. Animals and Ethics: An Overview of the Philosophical Debate.

Peterborough, Ontario: Broadview Press.



Taylor, Angus. 1996. "Animal Rights and Human Needs." Environmental Ethics 18: 249-264.





Criticisms of deep ecology:



Richard Sylvan, "A critique of deep ecology," Radical Philosophy, no. 40 (Summer 1985). I have. Also in or continued in? volume 41 Autumn 85: 10-22.



William Grey, Anthropocentrism and Deep Ecology," Australasian Journal of Philosophy 71:4 (December 1993) 463-475.



Grey, William, "A Critique of Deep Ecology." Journal of Applied Philosophy 3, no. 2

(1986): 211-216.

Drengson, Alan R. "A Critique of Deep Ecology? Response to William Grey." Journal

of Applied Philosophy 4 (1987): 223-227.



Alan Drengson, "The Deep Ecology Movement," The Trumpeter 12 1995.





George Sessions, ed., Deep Ecology for the 21st Century, Shambhala, 1995.



David Ray Griffin Reenchantment without Supernaturalism: A Process Philosophy of Religion (Cornell UP, 2001).



Dancing with the Sacred: Evolution, Ecology, and God by Karl E. Peters Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 2002 This is an engaging and readable statement of a naturalistic theism, a version of the emerging theological movement often known as Religious Naturalism



Rolston, Holmes, III, "Environment, Nature, and God," co-authored with Jack Weir (Department of Philosophy, Hardin-Simmons University). Chapter 22, pages 229-240, in Frederick Ferre, ed., Concepts of Nature and God (Athens: University of Georgia, Department of Philosophy, 1989). Proceedings of 1987 National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Institute on Concepts of Nature and God.





Ouderkirk, Wayne. "Can Nature be Evil? Rolston, Disvalue, and Theodicy." Environmental Ethics 21(1999):135-150



Jeff McMahan, The Ethics of Killing, Problems at the Margins of Life, Oxford 2002 McMahan, Jeff. The ethics of killing : problems at the margins of life / Jeff McMahan.

In Library: HV6515 .M35 2002 I have.



David Degrazia, "Identity, Killing and the Boundaries of Our Existence," Philosophy and Public Affairs 31 (4) (2003)



David Degrazia, "Persons, Organisms, and Death: A Philosophical Critique of the Higher-Brain Approach," Southern Journal of Philosophy 37 (3) (1999)



Between the species, on line version, at: http://cla.calpoly.edu/~jlynch/

Issue III, August 2003 Robbing PETA to Spay Paul: Do Animal Rights Include

Reproductive Rights?----David Boonin, University of Colorado; The Ethic of Care and the Problem of Wild Animals---Grace Clement



Theodicy and Animal Pain, Between the Species August 2002, Tony Lynch and Gary Comstock debate. http://cla.calpoly.edu/~jlynch/



David W. Orr, Nature of Design: Ecology, Culture and Human Intention Dec 2001.





Redefining Progress, voluntary simplicity, Atlantic Monthly.



Joe Bruchac, Native American Story Teller I saw at Env. and Com conference Saratoga Springs, NY, March 2004.





Alan Carter, "Projectivism and the Last Person Argument," American Philosophical Quarterly 41, 1 (January 2004): 51-62.





Environmental Ethics, Ecological Theology and Natural Selection Suffering and Responsibility Lisa Sideris, Columbia Univ Press 2003



Holmes Rolston, III -- Theology and science: listening to each other in Religion & science : history, method, dialogue / edited by W. Mark Richardson and Wesley J. Wildman. New York : Routledge, 1996.







"The campus community and the concept of sustainability: An Analysis of College of Charleston Student Perceptions," Charles Earl and others, Chrestomathy, Vol2, 2003.

See Inquiry 39, no 2 (June 1996) special isssue on Arne Naess' Environmental thought, guest edited by Andrew Light and David Rothernberg.



Beach nourishment, issue of Coastal Heritage, 18,3, Winter 0304.



Wayne Ouderkirk: Can Nature be Evil? Rolston, Disvalue, and Theodicy, Env. Ethics, Vol 21, Summer 1999.



Sandy Marie Angl…s Grande: Beyond the Ecological Noble Savage: Deconstructing the White Man's Indian, Env. Ethics, vol 21, fall 1999.





Francisco Benzoni: Rolston's Theological, Ethic Environmental Ethics, WINTER 1996



--Rauch, Jonathan, "Will Frankenfood Save the Planet?" The Atlantic Monthly, October 2003, pages 103-108. "Over the next half century genetic engineering could feed humanity and solve a raft of environmental ills--if only environmentalists would let it." Rauch is a correspondent for The Atlantic.



--Post, Stephen G., editor in chief, Encyclopedia of Bioethics, 3rd edition. 5 vols. New York: Macmillan Reference, 2003. includes -Rolston, Holmes: "Animal Welfare and Rights. III. Wildlife Conservation and Management"



--Berger, J, "Is It Acceptable to Let a Species Go Extinct in a National Park?," Conservation Biology 17(no.5, 2003):1451-1454.



--Schmidz, David, "Are All Species Equal?" Journal of Applied Philosophy, 15(1998):57-67.Species egalitarianism is the view that all species have equal moral standing. To have moral standing is, at a minimum, to command respect, to be something more than a mere thing. Is there any reason to believe that all species have moral standing in even this most minimal sense? If so - that is, if all species command respect - is there any reason to believe they all command equal respect. The article summarises critical responses to Paul Taylor's argument for species egalitarianism, then explains why other species command our respect but also why they do not command equal respect. The intuition that we should have respect for nature is part of what motivates people to embrace species egalitarianism, but one need not be a species egalitarian to have respect for nature. The article closes by questioning whether species egalitarianism is even compatible with respect for nature.



--Loftis, J. Robert, "Three Problems for the Aesthetic Foundations of Environmental Ethics," Philosophy in the Contemporary World 10 (no. 2, Fall-Winter 2003):41-50. A critical look at aesthetics as the basis for nature preservation, presenting three reason why we should not rely on aesthetic foundations to justify the environmentalist program. First, a comparison to other kinds of aesthetic value shows that the aesthetic value of nature can provide weak reason for action at best. Second, not everything environmentalists want to protect has positive aesthetic qualities. Attempts have been made to get around this problem by developing a reformist attitude towards natural aesthetics. These approaches fail. Third, development can be as aesthetically positive as nature. If it is simply beauty we are looking for, why can't the beauty of a well-constructed dam or a magnificent skyscraper suffice? Loftis is in philosophy, University of Alabama.



Minteer, Ben A., and Manning, Robert E., eds., Reconstructing Conservation: Finding Common Ground. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001. Includes:

-Norton, Bryan, "Conservation: Moral Crusade or Environmental Public Policy?" pages 187-205.

-Callicott, J. Baird, "The Implications of the `Shifting Paradigm' in Ecology for Paradigm Shifts in the Philosophy of Conservation," pages 239-261.



--Post, Stephen G., editor in chief, Encyclopedia of Bioethics, 3rd edition. 5 vols. New York: Macmillan Reference, 2003. Some articles relevant to environmental philosophy and animal issues: (These are mostly carried over from the 2nd edition, Warren T. Reich, editor-in-chief, Macmillan Library Reference, Simon and Schuster, 1995, with Holmes Rolston, III as area editor for environmental ethics and animal welfare issues.

-Sagoff, Mark, "Agriculture and Biotechnology"

-Singer, Peter, "Animal Research: Philosophical Issues"

-Regan, Thomas, "Animal Welfare and Rights: I. Ethical Perspectives on the Treatment and Status of Animals"

-Linzey, Andrew, "Animal Welfare and Rights. II. Vegetarianism"

-Rolston, Holmes: "Animal Welfare and Rights. III. Wildlife Conservation and Management"

-Linzey, Andrew, "Animal Welfare and Rights: IV. Pet and Companion Animals"

-Dunlap, Julie, "Animal Welfare and Rights: V. Zoos and Zoological Parks"

-Bernard E. Rollin, "Animal Welfare and Rights: VI. Animals in Agriculture and Farming"

-Jamieson, Dale, "Climate Change"

-Lauritzen, Paul, "Cloning III: Religious Perspectives"

-Rolston, Holmes, "Endangered Species and Biodiversity"

-Callicott, J. Baird, "Environmental Ethics: Overview"

-Naess, Arne, "Deep Ecology"

-Callicott, J. Baird, "Environmental Ethics: III. Law and Ethics"

-Warren, Karen J., "Environmental Ethics: IV. Ecofeminism"

-Sagoff, Mark, "Environmental Policy and Law"

-Peters, Philip J., "Future Generations, Obligations to"

-Shrader-Frechette, Kristin, "Hazardous Wastes and Toxic Substances"

-Newton, Lisa H., "Life"

-Lennox, James A., "Nature"

Stephen Cahn, Morality and public policy, 2003, Prentice Hall, great articles on school vouchers, government support for the arts, feinberg on feminist case agains tporn, same sex marriage, drug legislation, gun control, immigration,



Special issue on environmental narrative, Ethics and Environment, 8,2 Autumn 2003



Bradford Wyche, An overview of Land use Regulations in South Carolina, Southeastern env. law journal 11, 2 spring 2003.



American Philosophical Quarterly (40, 4) October 2003 just saw on "The Metaphysics of Informed Environmental Concern" by Paul Tomassi that appears to argue that metaphysical realism is implied by env. concern.....



Framing with the Wild: Enhancing Biodiversity on Farms and Ranches, coffee table book, 2003, Sierra Club books, deep ecology foundation?



L.E. Johnson, "Species, on their nature and moral standing," Journal of Natural history 29, 843-49, 1995.



Date: Mon, 3 Nov 2003 17:15:35 -0800
From: Andrew Light <andrew.light@NYU.EDU>
Subject: [ISEE-L] Announcement: Civic Environmentalism Conference

Workshop Announcement Designing for Civic Environmentalism
November 12-15, 2003 School of Architecture University of Texas at Austin

A combined architectural studio and academic workshop sponsored by the Harrington Faculty Fellowship program at the University of Texas at Austin and the UT Center for Sustainable Development. Coordinators: Andrew Light (NYU) and Steven Moore (University of Texas)

A critical literature is growing on the relationship between democratic participation and the resolution of environmental problems. Called variously "civic environmentalism," and "ecological citizenship," such proposals have in common the belief that environmental problems will not be solved without encouraging environmental forms of substantial civic participation. But beyond the theoretical debates which have shaped this literature, what architectural or planning designs would best encourage a more morally responsible set of environmental virtues among citizens? The aim of this workshop is to encourage a more focused discussion of these themes, and therefore a more specific set of proposals concerning the structural possibilities for creating a civic environmentalism.



Friday, November 14-Saturday, November 15 Academic Workshop. Presentations begin at 9:30AM, including:

Kevin Anderson, Geography, University of Texas

"Marginal Nature and Moral Margins: Valuing Nature in the Shadow of the City"

Craig Hanks, Philosophy, Southwest Texas State University

"The 'American Century' as Symptom and Dream: Some Notes Toward A Critical Urban Environmentalism"

Hope Hasbrouck, Landscape Architecture, Harvard Graduate School of Design

"Sites in Systems"

Kathleen Higgins, Philosophy, University of Texas

"Marketing Environmentalism: The Aesthetics of Ecology."

Eric Katz, Philosophy & STS, New Jersey Institute of Technology

"Follow the Money: Environmentalism and the Paradox of Greed"

Roger King, Philosophy, University of Maine

"Playing with Boundaries: Ethical Reflections on Designing an Environmental Culture"

John O'Neill, Philosophy, Lancaster University (U.K.)

"The Nature of Narrative"

Michael Oden, Planning, University of Texas

"Civic Environmentalism, Self Interest, and the Problem of Power

"Barbara Parmenter, Planning, University of Texas

"Planners, Citizens, and Communities: Cautions and Opportunities for 'Planning' Civic Environmentalism"

Gary Rohrbacher, Architecture, University of Texas

"Environmental Civility"

Yuriko Saito, Philosophy, Rhode Island School of Design

"The Role of Aesthetics in Environmentalism"

James Sheppard, Philosophy, University of Missouri, Kansas City

"Civic Design and Regional Connectedness in Urban America"

William Shutkin, Urban Studies and Planning, MIT

"Building Communities of Place: From Ideals to Practices"

Jonathan Smith, Geography, Texas A&M University

"Modern Identity and the Predicament of Place."

Fritz Steiner, Architecture, University of Texas

"The Human Ecology of the First Urban Century"

Closing Comments and Discussion by Andrew Light, Environmental Philosophy, New York University and Steven Moore, Architecture and Planning, University of Texas



Deborah Winter and Susan Koger, The Psychology of Environmental Problems, 2004 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc



Raymond S. Nickerson, Psychology and Environmental Change2003 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc



Naess, Arne, "Should We Try To Relieve Clear Cases of Extreme Suffering in Nature? Pan Ecology, vol. 6, no. 1, Winter 1991. Naess examines "the darker side of free nature." "Perseverance in the service of protecting nature, support of the deep ecology movement, does not imply any definite opinion on questions of unconditional goodness of nature as a set of ecosystems." "If adequate ecological knowledge were available, some of us would not hesitate to interfere on a large scale against intense and persistent pain." Naess would not interfere with most predation or parasitism, but thinks there are exceptions. He would, if he could, eliminate a reindeer parasite, Cephenomyia trompe, an insect whose larvae grow in the noses of reindeer and slowly suffocate them. "What do humans do when witnessing animals in what they think is unnecessary and prolonged pain? Those who intensively identify with the victims try to rescue them--provided it is not too late and a practical way is seen. Generalized, and made into a policy, rescue attempts would not amount to an attempt to interfere and reform nature." "Respect for the dignity of free nature and proper humility do not rule out planned interference on a greater scale, as long as the aim is a moderation of conditions of extreme and prolonged pain, human or nonhuman. Such pain eliminates the experience of a joyful reality. The higher levels of self-realization of a mature being require assistance to other living beings to realize their potentialities, and this inevitably actualizes concern for the sufferers." Naess is professor emeritus of philosophy at the University of Oslo and the founder of deep ecology. (v2,#1)



Des Kennedy, Nature's Outcasts: A new Look at Living Things we love to hate, Pownal, Vermont: Storey Communications, 1993)

Sanford Levy, The Biophilia Hypothesis and Anthropocentric Environmentalism, Env. Ethics 25,3, Fall 2003.



Len Olsen, "Contemplating the Intentions of Anglers: The Ethicist's Challenge" Env. Ethics 25,3, Fall 2003. On de Leuuw's critique of fishing.



Policing Nature, Tyler Cowen, Env.Ethics 25 Summer 2003 on stopping predation in nature.



To: <hettingern@cofc.edu>

Subject: Philosophy & Geography - New Issue Alert

SARA registrant,

Volume 6 Number 2/August 2003 of Philosophy & Geography is now available on the Taylor & Francis web site at http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com.

Introduction: pragmatism and urban environments

p. 139

Thomas C. Hilde

URL of article: http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=3HA7WNEY7K6Y0GHD

Democratic ideals and the urban experience

p. 145

Shannon Kincaid

URL of article: http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/link.asp?id=QKL4314KXQ7NWUMW

Bebop as historical actuality, urban aesthetic, and critical utterance

p. 153

Vincent Colapietro







American Indian Environmental Ethics, An Ojibwa Case Study, Callicott and Nelson, Prentice Hall 2004.



Genetic Engineering and our human nature, by Harold Baillie: Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly (QQ) 23, ½, 2003, understanding the scared helps identify elements in nature and humannature that ought to be preserved.



C. Pointing, A Green History of the World (New York: St Martin's 1991)

Clive Pointing, Green History of the World: The Environment and the Collapse of Great Civilizations



Clive Pointing, Green History of the World: Nature, Pollution & the Collapse of Societies (Penguine 1993).



Talking Plants, Npr.org



Dale Jamieson, Morality's Progress, Oxford 2002, includes Wild/Captive and other suspect dualisms, sustainability and beyond, moral responsibility in biotech communication, several articles on animal experimentation including one with Bekoff on "Ethics and the Study of Animal Cognition," pain and the evolution of behavior, great apes and the human resistance to equality, is applied ethics worth doing?



on preserving the natural environment, mark sagoff Yale Law Journal 1974



PARTICPATING WITH NATURE: OUTLINE FOR AN `ECOLOGIZATION OF OUR WORLD-VIEW by Wim Zweers.



Yi-Fu Tuan, U. of Wis Cultural geographer, Dominance and Affection: The Making of Pets 1984.

Rivto, The Animal Estate (1987) (on pets)



Mark Derr, "Cute but Wild: The Perilous Lure of Exotic Pets. "

Geo-Logic: Breaking Ground between Philosophy and the Earth Sciences, Robert Frodeman Suny 2003



Philosophy & Geography Volume 6, Number 1 February 2003

Toward an ethics of the domesticated environment pp. 3 - 14 Roger J. H. King: This essay articulates the importance of the domesticated landscape for a mature environmental ethics. Human beings are spatial beings, deeply implicated in their relationships to places, both wild and domesticated. Human identity evolves contextually through interaction with a "world." If this world obscures our perception of wild nature, it will be difficult to motivatethe social and psychological will to imagine, let alone participate in, a culture that values environmentally responsible conduct. My argument is informed by a pragmatist suspicion of fixed\dualisms separating humans from nature, the wild from the domesticated, and the natural from the artificial. Drawing on a variety of sources, the essay calls for greater attention to the ways in which the making of our domesticated worlds can contribute to or undermine our ability to take the intrinsic value of nature seriously.



Philosophy & Geography Volume 6, Number 1 February 2003

On wilderness and people: a view from Mount Marcy1 pp. 15 - 32 Wayne Ouderkirk

Wetland gloom and wetland glory pp. 33 - 45 J. Baird Callicott

Colonization, urbanization, and animals pp. 47 - 58 Clare Palmer: Urbanization and development of green spaces is continuing worldwide. Such development frequently engulfs the habitats of native animals, with a variety of effects on their existence location and ways of living. This paper attempts to theorize about some of these effects, drawing on aspects of Foucault's discussions of power and using a metaphor of human colonization, where colonization is understood as an "ongoing process of dispossession, negotiation, transformation, and resistance." It argues that a variety of different kinds of human/animal power relations can exist in urban areas, not all of which are examples of human domination. The paper concludes by raising a number of questions about the implications of these human/animal relations.



Wendell Berry, 2000 Life is a Miracle: An Essay Against Modern Supersitition, Couterpoint, Wash DC



Peter List (ed.), Environmental Ethics and Forestry: a Reader. (Temple UP, 2000). This is an excellent example of philosophy engaging practical conservation issues. It includes work by philosophers and foresters, discusses changes to the SAF code, etc.



E.O. Wilson, "The Biological Basis of Morality," The Atlantic Monthly vol 281, 4 53-70.



Mapping Human History, by Steve Olson Convocation book CofC fall 2003



Larry May, Masculinity and Morality, Cornell 1998



Mark Timmons, An Introduction to Morality, Rowman and Littlefield 2002

David I. Theodoropoulos who is a member of the Society for Economic Botany is titled "Invasion Biology: Critique of a Pseudoscience" published 2003 by Avvar Books, 15245 Broadway Street, Blythe, California 92225 USA



Gary Comstock, Subsistence Hunting, in Sapontzis volume.



Eric Higgs, Nature by Design: People, Natural Process, and Ecological Restoration, MIT press 2003.



Eric Higgs, What is Good Ecological Restoration, Conservation Biology Spring 1997



Brian Czech, Shoveling Fuel for a Runaway Train: Errant economists, shameful spenders, and a plan to stop them all, U of Calif Press, 2000 Chapter titles Economic Growth as National Gaol, steady state revolution, prologue a wilderness tail to an economic tale.





Mark A. Michael, Preserving Wildlife, Humanity Books 2002 includes medical treatment of wild animals, ethical considerations and animal welfare in eco field studies, Olympic goat controversy, captive breeding of endangered species, how to save African wildlife, elephants and economics, tourism as sustained use of wildlife. I have



David Ehrenfeld, Swimming Lessons: Keeping Afloat in the Age of Technology, Oxford 2002 I have.



Wayne Ouderkirk and Jim Hill, Land Value, Community: Callicott and environmental philosophy, SUNY 2002



Fatal Harvest: The tragedy of industrial agriculture, coffee table sized book, from the center for food safety, ed. By Andrew Kimbrell Island press 2002, foundation of deep ecology, Beautiful book. Includes Wendell Berry, norberg-hodge, farming as if nature mattered, , vandan shiva



Welfare Ranching: The subsidized Destruction of the American West, ed. George Wuerthner Island Press 2002.



American Heat: Ethical Problems With the United States Response to Global Warming

By Donald A. Brown Published by Roman and Littlefield ISBN 0742512959

in library C of C Stacks QC981.8.G56 B75 2002





ON ANWR



U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service: Potential Impacts of Proposed Oil & Gas Development on the

Arctic Refuge's Coastal Plain: Historical Overview and Issues of Concern



John Strohmeyer, "The New Battle," Chapter 19 from Extreme Conditions: Big Oil and the Transformation of Alaska



John G. Mitchell, "Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: Oil Field or Sanctuary?" National Geographic(August 2001)



Gwich'in Steering Committee web page (and linked pages)



Sandra Hinchman, Endangered Species, Endangered Culture: Native Resistance to Industrializing the Arctic In: Watson, Alan; Sproull, janet, comps., 2001. Seventh World Wilderness Congress symposium: science and stewardship to protect and sustain wilderness values; 2001 November 2-8; Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Proceedings RMRS-P-000. Odgen, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Sandra Hinchman is Professor of Government at St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York, 13617 U.S.A., Fax: 315-229-5819, e-mail: shinchman@stlawu.edu. Available on the web at: http





Derr, Patrick G. and McNamara, Edward M., Case Studies in Environmental Ethics. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2003. 43 cases, typically 3-4 pages each. Hawaiian feral pigs, oil and ANWR, golden rice, Bhopal, monkey-wrenching, great apes, the Delhi Sands fly, and a host of others. Useful for discussion groups in classes in environmental ethics. Derr is in philosophy, Clark University. McNamara is an attorney. (v.14, #4)



Grunwald, Michael, "Departmental Differences Show Over ANWR Drilling," Washington Post (10/19/01): A1. ANWR debate rages on. Drilling for oil in Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) continues to be hotly contested. Proponents have recently been arguing for the drilling on national security grounds, as a way of lessening the U.S.'s dependence on foreign oil. Opponents of ANWR drilling argue that even if proponents are right that there is a 2-3 year U.S. supply of oil there (rather than the 6 month supply the opponents claim), the oil won't be available for years. Opponents also argue that raising automobile fuel efficiency standards would save us more oil overall and sooner. At recent Congressional hearings, U.S. Interior Secretary Gale Norton was accused by opponents of slanting her testimony about whether or not drilling would affect the Porcupine Caribou Herd which uses ANWR's coastal plain (where the oil is) to calve. Norton had asked Interior's own Fish and Wildlife Service for information on this issue and then selected only that part of their report that suited her pro-drilling purposes. She also cited a peer-review caribou study that concluded oil development would have no impact on the caribou. Opponents argued that the study was funded by BP Exploration (British Petroleum is one of the companies hoping to drill in ANWR). Given the conflicting studies, it seems reasonable to assume that we do not know how significantly the Porcupine Herd would be affected by oil development. But this uncertainty can itself be seen as a reason to forgo this development. Alaska's Gwich'in Indians continue to hunt this herd as part of a largely subsistence way of life. Significant disturbance of these caribou would threaten their cultural survival. Even a small chance of causing cultural genocide would seem to be enough to prohibit an optional activity of this sort. For a helpful discussion of the ANWR debate, see Sandra Hinchman, "Endangered Species, Endangered Culture: Native Resistance to Industrializing the Arctic" paper given at Seventh World Wilderness Congress, November 2-8, 2001, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Paper available from Hinchman at shinchman@stlawu.edu. Hinchman is Professor of Government at St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York. (v.12,#4)



Kaiser, Jocelyn, "Caribou Study Fuels Debate on Drilling in Arctic Refuge," Science 296(19 April 2002):444-445. Caribou study fuels debate on drilling in Arctic refuge. The US Department of Interior, US Geological Survey, released a report that said oil drilling would harm caribou in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), a report that came out on the eve of a Senate vote on drilling. But a week later there was a hastily done addendum, with revised conclusions. Some interpreted this as Interior Secretary Gail Norton manipulating science to promote the Bush Administration's views. Other scientists say the first report was based on a larger drilling area, which has since been reduced in size, and hence the addendum. Also the debate turns not only on where the caribou calve, but on where they then go to escape insects. Meanwhile other geologists note that best estimates are that drilling in ANWR would reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil from 62% to 60%, a drop in the bucket. (v.13,#2)



Rosenbaum, David, "Senate Deletes Higher Mileage Standard in Energy Bill," New York Times (3/14/02): A26; Rosenbaum, David, 'Two Sides Push on Arctic Oil, but Proposal Lacks Votes," New York Times (4/18/02), and Rosenbaum, David, "Senate Passes an Energy Bill Called Flawed by Both Sides," New York Times (4/26/02): A16. The issue of drilling for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge involved intense lobbying in the Senate. Since the House had approved the drilling and President Bush supports it, the Senate vote would decide the issue. Arctic Power, a multimillion dollar lobbying group funded mainly by the state of Alaska, sent Inupiat Eskimos to Washington to lobby the Senators in favor of drilling (and the economic development it would involve for some Native Alaskans). Stephen Moore, president of The Club for Growth, a fund-raising group for conservative political candidates, explained why conservatives see arctic drilling as a matter of principle: "There is a belief on the environmentalist side that we're running out of oil, that we have to conserve energy. I'm adamantly opposed to energy conservation. We're not running out. All we have to do is go out and find it and produce it." The League of Conservation voters, which publishes an annual scorecard of environmental votes, announced that the vote on drilling would count double, calling it a "litmus test on who favors a flawed energy policy that relies on fossil fuels." One Senator who was trying to promote a compromise of limited drilling in the Arctic for tougher fuel efficiency standards gave up when he realized environmental organizations would not budge in their opposition to drilling: "If you told the environmentalist we would end global warming once and for all in return for ANWR, they'd still say no." (v.13,#2)





Berger, Joel, Anne Holyman, and William Weber, "Perturbation of Vast Ecosystems in the Absence of Adequate Science: Alaska's Arctic Refuge," Conservation Biology 15(no.2, 2001 Apr 01): 539-. (v.12,#3)



Catton, Theodore, Inhabited Wilderness: Indians, Eskimos, and Natural Parks in Alaska. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1997. Focus in Glacier Bay, Denali, and Gates of the Arctic. The Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act in 1980 set aside ten national parks, nine of which allow Alaska natives, whites included, "customary and traditional" subsistence use. Catton is a historian for the Historical Research Associates, Missoula, MT. (v.10,#1)



Kaye, Roger, "The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: An Exploration of the Meanings Embodied in America's Last Great Wilderness," Wild Earth 9 (No. 4, Wint 1999): 92-. (v.11,#2)



Peepre, Juri and Jickling, Bob, eds. Northern Protected Areas and Wilderness. Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada: Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society, and Yukon Conservation Society, 1994. 379pp. $20 softcover. The book is a lightly edited compilation of the presentations made at an international conference, November 1993 in the Yukon Territory, by a host of native people, resource professionals, educators, and activists--nearly all of them from the grassroots of the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of North America. The examination of the North by northerners provided the unique nature of the conference and gives value to this publication. (v7,#2)



Revkin, Andrew, "Hunting for Oil: New Precision, Less Pollution" New York Times (01/30/01): D1. New oil-drilling techniques that are environmentally less harmful. With the ongoing debate over whether to drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, it may be useful to understand some of the new oil discovery and extraction technologies touted by industry as environmentally friendly. Instead of peppering the surface with wells over a broad area, new supercomputer simulations of the deep earth and new drilling equipment allow wells to be constructed on small gravel pads with drills branching out underground for four or five miles following thin layers containing oil. Instead of waste pits that overflow with drilling mud, contaminated water, spilled oil, and discarded chemicals, waste, garbage, and rock cuttings can now be ground into a slurry and pumped into the ground 2000 feet beneath the 2000 foot-thick permafrost. Roads that were once built of gravel mined from river beds and that spread far and wide on the fragile tundra can now be built from ice (either from water pumped from tundra ponds or from ice scraped from ponds and laid down like gravel). Ice roads melt away in the spring thaw and leave few traces. Even the maze of pipelines which are an unavoidable means of collecting the oil can be raised to allow animals to duck underneath and are punctuated with elevated elbows so that less oil is spilled if one section is punctured. Both sides agree that the new surveying techniques are a mixed blessing environmentally. Although no longer using dynamite, the new three-dimensional seismic technology that performs ultrasound on the earth involves the use of vibrating 10-ton vehicles that do not travel on ice roads but crisscross the open tundra in a much more intensive way than with the old surveying techniques. Scars are left on the tundra and there is a greatly increased chance of encountering and disrupting wildlife. The new surveying techniques have raised the success rate from 1 producing well for each 10 exploratory wells to 5 in 10. One environmental critic responding to the elaboration of these new technologies says that once the work shifts from exploration to extraction of oil, the result is always a sprawl of pipelines, roads, crew quarters, and fuel depots: "In the end, even with all this technology, you've got a massive industrial complex."



END ON ANWR



Why restore wolves? http://www.defenders.org/pubs/pfw04.html



Callicott, J. Baird and Eugene C. Hargrove. "Leopold's `Means and Ends in Wild Life Management': A Brief Commentary." Environmental Ethics 12(1990):333-37. Leopold's lecture at Beloit College provides an important glimpse into his conversion from a philosophy of prudent scientific resource management to a land ethic and aesthetic. Leopold here advocates natural regulation not simply because of his growing concern that invasive management principles are limited, but also because of aesthetic considerations that were independent of his instrumental or "utilitarian" training at the Yale Forest School and in the U.S. Forest Service. The lecture is helpful in correcting an unfortunate misreading of Leopold's famous essay, "The Land Ethic," according to which the land ethic is interpreted as being based primarily on human welfare and self-interest. Callicott is in the department of philosophy, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, Stevens-Point, WI. Hargrove is in the department of philosophy, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas. (EE)



Why animal experimentation matters : the use of animals in medical research / edited by Ellen Frankel Paul and Jeffrey Paul. Introduction / Ellen Frankel Paul -- Experimental animals in medical research : a history / Kenneth F. Kiple, Kriemhild Conee Ornelas -- Making choices in the laboratory / Adrian R. Morrison -- Basic research, applied research, animal ethics, and an animal model of human amnesia / Stuart Zola -- The paradigm shift toward animal happiness : what it is, why it is happening, and what it portends for medical research / Jerrold Tannenbaum -- Defending animal research : an international perspective / Baruch A. Brody -- A Darwinian view of the issues associated with the use of animals in biomedical research / Charles S. Nicoll, Sharon M. Russell -- Animals : their right to be used / H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. / Justifying animal experimentation : the starting point / R. G. Frey.



Moral and Political Reasoning in Environmental Practice, edited by Andrew Light and Avner de-Shalit (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2003).

Introduction: Environmental Ethics - Whose Philosophy? Which Practice? Andrew Light & Avner de-Shalit Part I: Political Theory and Environmental Practice 1. Political Theory and the Environment: Nurturing a Sustainable Relationship Michael Freeden 2. Intuition, Reason, and Environmental Argument Mathew Humphrey 3. The Justice of Environmental Justice: Reconciling Equity, Recognition, and Participation in a Political Movement David Schlosberg Part II: Philosophical Tools for Environmental Practice 4. Constitutional Environmental Rights: A Case for Political Analysis Tim Hayward 5. Trusteeship: A Practical Option for Realizing our Obligations To Future Generations? William Griffith 6. Ecological Utilisation Space: Operationalizing Sustainability Finn Arler 7. The Environmental Ethics Case for Crop Biotechnology: Putting Science Back into Environmental Practice Paul B. Thompson 8. Yew Trees, Butterflies, Rotting Boots and Washing Lines: The Importance of Narrative Alan Holland & John O'Neill Part III: Rethinking Philosophy Through Environmental Practice 9. The Role of Cases in Moral Reasoning: What Environmental Ethics Can Learn from Biomedical Ethics Robert Hood 10. Grab Bag Ethics and Policymaking for Leaded Gasoline: A Pragmatist's View Vivian E. Thomson11. Animals, Power and Ethics: The Case of Fox Hunting Clare Palmer & Francis O'Gorman 12. Ethics, Politics, Biodiversity: A View From the South Niraja Gopal Jayal



Barry Lopez, Richard Nelson, and Terry Tempest Williams. _Patriotism and the American Land_. The New Patriotism Book Series. Great Barrington, Mass.: The Orion Society, 2002. 90 pp. Foreword. $8.00 (paper), ISBN 0-913098-61-2

Life science ethics, Gary Comstock, editor (Ames: Iowa State Press, 2002)

Preface PART 1. ETHICAL REASONING Chapter 1. Ethics Gary Comstock Chapter 2. Religion Gary Comstock Chapter 3. Reasoning Lilly-Marlene Russow Chapter 4. Method Gary Comstock
PART 2. LIFE SCIENCE ETHICS Chapter 5. Environment Lilly-Marlene Russow Chapter 6. Food Hugh LaFollette and Larry May Chapter 7. Animals Gary Varner Chapter 8. Land Paul Thompson Chapter 9. Biotechnology Fred Gifford Chapter 10. Farms Charles Taliaferro
PART 3. CASE STUDIES Chapter 11. Environment A. "Rare Plants," by Lynn G. Clark B. "Marine Mammal Protection," by Donald J. Orth Chapter 12. Food A. "Infant Deaths in Developing Countries," by Lois Banta, Jeffrey Beetham,Donald Draper, Nolan Hartwig, Marvin Klein, Grace Marquis B. "Edible Antiobiotics in Food Crops," by Mike Zeller, Terrance Riordan, Halina Zalenski, Dean Herzfeld and Kathryn Orvis Chapter 13. Animals A. "Beef, Milk, and Eggs," by Gary Varner B. "Veterinary Euthanasia," by Bernard Rollin, Jerrold Tannenbaum, Courtney Campbell, Kathleen Moore, and Gary Comstock Chapter 14. Land A. "Hybrid Corn," by Jochum Wiersma, Don Duvick, Deon Stuthman, David Fan, and Victor Konde B. "Trait Protection System," by Thomas Peterson and Bryony Bonning Chapter 15. Biotechnology A. "Golden rice," by Kristen Hessler, Ross Whetten, Carol Loopstra, Karen Pesaresi Penner, Sharon Shriver, Robert Zeigler, Jacqueline Fletcher, Melanie Torrie, and Gary L. Comstock B. "Organ transplantation," by Christopher Baldwin, David Bristol, Emily Deaver,Bruce Hammerberg, Carole A. Heath, Surya Mallapragada, Gavin J. Naylor, Elaine Richardson, and Jim Wilson Chapter 16. Farms A. "Lost in the Maize," by Isabel Lopez-Calderon, Steven Hill, L. Horst Grimme, Michael Lawton, and Anabela M. L. Romano B. "Magnanimous Iowans," by Ricardo Salvador, Stephen Moose, Bruce Chassy, and Kathie Hodge Notes for Instructors Index http://shop.store.yahoo.com/isupress/081382835x.html



COURTENAY-HALL, Pamela. "Body Hair, Building Bridges, and the Project of Deconstructing Femininity," - presented to the Central Division Meeting of the American Philosophical Association (main program), Louisville, Kentucky, April, 1992. Commentator: Sandra Lee Bartky I have a copy



The Importance of Species: Perspectives on Expendability and Triage Edited by Peter Kareiva and Simon A. Levin Princeton U. Press ISBN: 0-691-09005-X



One other thing. I just read this cool paper that is a must read for you. It is in ecological applications 2002 12(2):321-334. by Yrjo Haila "A conceptual geneology of fragmentaion reserach from island biogeography to landscape ecology". Paul Mariono



Robert Blumenschine and John Cavallo, "Scavenging and Human Evolution," Scientific American (October 1992), pp. 90-96. I have.



Alison Jaggar and Iris Young, A Companion to Feminist Philosophy, blackwell 1998. I have and in library.



James Sterba, Controversies in Feminism. Rowman and Littlefield, 2001. I have.



Marilyn Pearsall, Women and Values, 3rd edition Wadsworth 1999. I have not in library





Bruce Morito (2002) Thinking Ecologically: Environmental Thought, Values

and Policy (Halifax, N.S.: Fernwood Publishing) price C$27.95.



Frederik Kaufman, "Speciesism and the Argument From Misfortune," Journal of

Applied Philosophy, 15 (2) 1998; pp. 155-163. I have.



Gary Varner, Personhood, Memory and Elephant Management http://www-phil.tamu.edu/~gary/elephants.pdf



Gary Varner, In what Sense are Persons not replaceable? Is replaceability a useful concept for a utilitarian. See his website.





Joan Ehrenfeld, Restoration Ecology 8,1 2000 pp. 2-9.



Cynthia Townley, Intellectual Property and Indigenous Knowledge, Philosophy and Public Affairs Quarterly, 22,4 Fall 2002. (



Title: Genetic Engineering and the Intrinsic Value and Integrity of Animals and Plants --Proceedings of a Workshop at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, UK. 18-21 September 2002 Edited by David Heaf & Johannes Wirz Published by Ifgene - International Forum for Genetic Engineering, December 2002 ISBN: 0-9541035-1-3 116 pages; 35 illustrations

Alaine Lowe and Soraya Tremayne, eds. _Women as Sacred Custodians of the Earth?: Women, Spirituality and the Environment_. New York: Berghahn Books, 2001.



Gary Varner, Personhood, Memory and Elephant Management. I have a copy as an email attachment.



Gregory Pence, Designer food: Mutant Harvest or Breadbasket of the world? Rowman 2002 I have.



Gregory Pence, The Ethics of Food, anthology Rowman, 2002, I have includes Berry growing food reflects our virtues and vices, safety of gm food, benefits/dangers of organic, gm food an env. risk



Anthony Trewavas, "Much Food, Many Problems" Nature 402 231-232 w pages pro gm food and anti organic

Michael Ruse and David Castle, eds., "Genetically Modified Foods: Debating Biotechnology" (Prometheus, 2002). I have. Michael Ruse and David Castle . .Editors. Introduction. Biotechnology Case Study: Golden Rice Kurt Eichenwald et al. . .Biotechnology Food: From the Lab to Debacle. Mary Lou Guerinot . .The Green Revolution Strikes Gold. Xudong Ye et al. . .Engineering the Provitamin A Pathway in Rice Endosperm. Greenpeace . .Genetically Engineered .Golden Rice. is Fool.s Gold. Ingo Potrykus . .Golden Rice and the Greenpeace Dilemma. Vandana Shiva . .Golden Hoax. Gordon Conway . .Open Letter to Greenpeace. Ethics in Agriculture Paul B. Thompson . .Bioethics in a Bio-Based Economy. Marc Saner, .Real and Metaphorical Moral Limits in the Biotech Debate. David Magnus and Arthur Caplan . .Food for Thought. Gary Comstock . .Ethics and Genetically Modified Foods. Religion Editors. Section Introduction Pope John Paul II . .Jubilee of the Agricultural World. Joe Perry . .Genetically Modified Crops. Carl Feit . .Genetically Modified Food and Jewish Law (Halakhah). Labeling Editors. Section Introduction William Safire . .Franken-. Peter Spencer . .Right to Know What?. Alan McHughen . .Uninformation and the Choice Paradox.Law Jack Wilson . .Intellectual Property Rights in Genetically Modified Agriculture: The Shock of the Not-So-New. Richard Gold . .Merging Business and Ethics: New Models for Using Biotechnological Intellectual Property. Keith Culver . .Returning to Normal. Food Safety and Substantial EquivalenceNick Tomlinson . .The Concept of Substantial Equivalence. Henry Miller . .Substantial Equivalence: Its Uses and Abuses. Bob Buchanan . .Genetic Engineering and the Allergy Issue. Risk Assessment and Public Perception Gabrielle Persley et al. . .Applications of Biotechnology to Crops: Benefits and Risks. Ambuj Sagar et al. . .The Tragedy of the Commoners: Biotechnology and its Publics. Wolfgang van den Daele . .Risk Prevention and the Political Control of Genetic Engineering. Precautionary Principle and Genetically Modified Foods Florence Dagicour . .Protecting the Environment: From Nucleons to Nucleotides. Indur Goklany . .Applying the Precautionary Principle to Genetically Modified Crops. Henry Miller and Gregory Conko . .Precaution without principle. Developing Countries Editors. Section Introduction Robert Tripp . .Twixt Cup and Lip. Florence Wambugu . .Why Africa Needs Agricultural Biotech. Calestous Juma and Karen Fang . .Bridging the Genetic Divide. Assessing Environmental Impacts Norman Ellstrand . .When Transgenes Wander, Should We Worry?. Les Firbank and Frank Forcella . .Genetically Modified Crops and Farmland Biodiversity. Anthony Trewewas . .Much Food, Many Problems

Dawkins response to prince of Wales at beginning of book looks good

Unit on Goldern Rice, including Vandana Shiva and Greenpeace and a good response by Gordan Conway of Rockfeller foundation



Democracy & Nature Issue: Number 3/November 01, 2002 Pages: 439 - 465 Biotechnology, Ethics and the Politics of Cloning Steven Best , Douglas Kellner:

As the debates over cloning and stem cell research indicate, issues raised by biotechnology combine research into the genetic sciences,

perspectives and contexts articulated by the social sciences, and the

ethical and anthropological concerns of philosophy. Consequently, we

argue that intervening in the debates over biotechnology require

supradisciplinary critical philosophy and social theory to illuminate the

problems and their stakes. More specifically, we will demonstrate

problems with the cloning of animals that for now render the cloning of

humans unacceptable. In addition, we take on arguments for and

against stem cell research and contend that it contains positive potential

for medical advances that should not be blocked by problematic

conservative positions. Nonetheless, we believe that the entire realm of

biotechnology is fraught with dangers and problems that require careful

study and democratic debate of key ethical and political issues.







Wenz, Peter S. "Pragmatism in Practice: The Efficiency of Sustainable Agriculture." Environmental Ethics 21(1999):391-410. Bryan Norton advocates using the perspectives and methods of American pragmatism in environmental philosophy. J. Baird Callicott criticizes Norton's view as unproductive anti-philosophy. I find worth and deficiencies in both sides. On the one hand, I support the pragmatic approach, illustrating its use in an argument for sustainable agriculture. On the other hand, I take issue with Norton's claim that pragmatists should confine themselves to anthropocentric arguments. Here I agree with Callicott's inclusion of nonanthropocentric consideration. However, I reject Callicott's moral monism. In sum, I support pragmatic moral pluralism that includes nonanthropocentric values. (EE)

Stone, Christopher D. 1995. What to Do About Biodiversity: Property Rights, Public Goods, and the Earth's Biological Resources. 68 Southern California Law Review 577.



Schlickeisen, Rodger. 2000. Protecting biodiversity for future generations: an argument for a constitutional amendment.



One World: The Ethics of Globalization. Singer, P. 2002. Yale University Press, New Haven, CN.235 pp. $21.95 (hard).ISBN 0-300-09686-0.



Ethical Issues in Biotechnology Richard Sherlock John Morrey Format: Hardcover, 368pp. ISBN: 0742513572 Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. I have. Including food biotech ethics, animal biotech humn genetic testing and therapy, cloning, ag biotech



Certified Organic Geoffrey Cowley With Anne Underwood and Karen Springen September 30, 2002 Newsweek


Biodiversity and Human Rights: The International Rules for the Protection of Biodiversity (Transnational Publishers, April 2002) by Elli Louka.



ANTHONY TREWAVAS Urban myths of organic farming 22 March 2001 Nature 410, 409 - 410 (2001); doi:10.1038/35068639 Organic agriculture began as an ideology, but can it meet today's needs?